How to Identify, Grow, and Control Kidney Weed
Whether you see it as a lawn alternative or a persistent weed, this guide provides a balanced look at managing Dichondra repens in your garden.
The plant Dichondra repens, commonly called kidney weed, can be either a welcome ground cover or an invasive weed. For some, its creeping growth and minimal upkeep make it an ideal alternative to traditional turf. For others, this same vigorous nature disrupts the uniform appearance of a lawn. This dual identity means its value depends entirely on the desired aesthetic of the outdoor space.
Identifying Kidney Weed
Kidney weed is a low-growing perennial plant distinguished by its creeping habit. It spreads across the ground through stolons, which are stems that grow at the soil surface or just below it, rooting at intervals to form new plants. This method of propagation allows it to form a dense mat. The plant is not a grass but is instead a broadleaf ground cover.
The most recognizable feature of Dichondra repens is its leaves. They are bright green, have a soft appearance, and are distinctly round or kidney-shaped. This foliage creates a unique, fine-textured look compared to typical lawn grasses. During spring and summer, the plant produces small, inconspicuous, star-shaped flowers that are greenish-white or yellowish.
Using Kidney Weed as a Ground Cover
Many gardeners cultivate kidney weed as a no-mow lawn alternative, particularly where traditional grass struggles. It performs well in partial shade and can tolerate light foot traffic, making it suitable for smaller lawns or difficult-to-mow spaces. Its dense growth habit naturally suppresses some other weeds once it becomes established.
To establish a kidney weed lawn, proper soil preparation is important. The area should be weeded and the soil loosened to a depth of about 15 cm to encourage healthy root development. It prefers well-drained conditions and will not do well in heavy clay that retains too much moisture. Adding organic matter like compost can improve soil structure.
Planting can be done from either seed or small plants, often called plugs. When planting, ensure the soil is kept consistently moist but not waterlogged to support establishment. Once the plants are established, watering can be less frequent, applied deeply when the top 5cm of soil feels dry. Regular fertilization is not necessary in most healthy soils.
Controlling Kidney Weed in Lawns
In a traditional turfgrass lawn, kidney weed is often considered undesirable. Its spreading nature means it can invade and disrupt the uniform texture of the grass, creating patches that look out of place. It competes with turf for sunlight, water, and nutrients, and can be difficult to manage once it takes hold.
For small, isolated patches, manual removal can be an effective strategy. The shallow roots make it possible to pull the plants by hand, ensuring you remove as much of the stolon network as possible to prevent regrowth. This method is most practical when the infestation is new.
When dealing with larger areas, a selective broadleaf herbicide is a more practical solution. These chemical treatments are formulated to target broadleaf plants like Dichondra while leaving the surrounding grass unharmed. Carefully read and follow the product label to ensure it is effective against kidney weed and safe for your specific type of lawn grass.
Common Problems
Dichondra is susceptible to a few common issues. One concern is its vulnerability to pests, particularly flea beetles and cutworms. These insects feed on the foliage, which can weaken the plant and damage its appearance.
The plant is also prone to root rot and fungal diseases in overly wet soil. As noted, it struggles in poorly drained areas, and overwatering can cause patches of the plant to die off. Ensuring good drainage and allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings is the best preventative measure.