How to Grow and Care for Wax Leaf Ligustrum

The Wax Leaf Ligustrum, Ligustrum japonicum ‘Texanum’, is an evergreen shrub known for its dense, glossy green foliage and compact growth. In spring, it produces fragrant white flowers that attract pollinators, followed by small blue-black berries. Its fast growth makes it a popular choice for privacy hedges, screens, and foundation plantings, offering year-round interest. This adaptable plant can also be shaped into various forms, from natural shrubs to formal topiaries.

Planting Guidelines

The best times to plant are in the fall or early spring, allowing the root system to establish before summer heat or winter cold. For a hedge, space individual plants three to four feet apart to achieve a dense screen. Dig a hole twice as wide and just as deep as the root ball; this gives the roots ample space to spread into the loosened soil.

Gently remove the plant from its container and place it in the center of the hole, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding ground. Fill the hole with soil, patting it down to remove air pockets, and water thoroughly to settle the soil.

Essential Care Conditions

Light

For the most vigorous growth and densest foliage, a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight per day is optimal. While the Wax Leaf Ligustrum can grow in partial shade, its form may be more open and less compact. Increased light exposure also contributes to more prolific flower production in the spring and a healthier plant structure.

Water

Watering needs change as the plant matures. During the first growing season, water deeply and regularly to establish an extensive root system. A good method is to check the soil; if the top two to three inches are dry, it is time to water. Once established, the Wax Leaf Ligustrum is drought-tolerant, but even mature plants benefit from supplemental watering during extreme heat or drought.

Soil

This shrub adapts to a range of soil types, from sandy loam to clay, but good drainage is the primary factor for its health. Poorly drained soils can lead to root rot. Before planting, amend the native soil with organic matter to improve its structure and ensure excess water can flow away from the root zone.

Fertilizer

Fertilize your Wax Leaf Ligustrum in early spring, just before new growth begins. A balanced, slow-release granular fertilizer for landscape shrubs is a good choice, as it provides a steady supply of nutrients. This timing gives the plant the resources it needs to produce lush new foliage and flowers. A single application in the spring is sufficient for the entire year.

Pruning and Shaping

Pruning is a primary method for maintaining the Wax Leaf Ligustrum, used to control its size, create a specific shape, and encourage dense foliage. Removing any dead, damaged, or crossing branches can be done at any time of year and improves the shrub’s health, appearance, and air circulation.

For a significant size reduction or major reshaping, perform a heavy pruning in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges. This allows the plant to recover and direct its energy into producing new leaves. Throughout the spring and summer, lighter trims can be performed as needed to maintain a tidy, formal shape. These frequent clippings also encourage the plant to become denser.

When creating a formal hedge, shear the sides so they are slightly tapered, with the base wider than the top. This ensures sunlight reaches the lower branches, preventing them from becoming bare. For a more natural look, use hand pruners to selectively cut back individual branches. This technique preserves the plant’s natural form while controlling its size and promoting fullness.

Managing Pests and Diseases

The Wax Leaf Ligustrum is a robust plant but can face issues with pests and diseases. Common pests include aphids, scale insects, and whiteflies. These insects feed on the plant’s sap and can cause yellowing leaves or a sticky substance known as honeydew, which leads to sooty mold. Sooty mold is a black, powdery coating on the leaves that can block sunlight.

Most pest infestations can be managed with targeted treatments like horticultural oil or insecticidal soap applied according to the product’s instructions. These options are less disruptive to beneficial insects in the garden compared to broader-spectrum insecticides. Good air circulation from proper pruning also helps reduce the likelihood of pest and disease problems.

Fungal issues like leaf spot can occur in damp or humid conditions, manifesting as dark-colored spots on the foliage. To manage this, avoid overhead watering, as wet leaves promote fungal growth. If problems persist, a fungicide may be used, but improving cultural conditions is the most effective long-term solution.