How to Grow and Care for the Aglaonema Plant

The Aglaonema, commonly known as the Chinese Evergreen, is a popular houseplant celebrated for its lush foliage and remarkable durability. Native to the tropical and subtropical forests of Asia, this plant has been cultivated for centuries and is prized for its ability to adapt to various indoor environments. The wide array of leaf patterns and colors available adds to its broad appeal for home and office decor.

Aglaonema Care Guide

Light

Aglaonema plants are adaptable to different light situations. Darker green varieties are tolerant of low-light conditions and can thrive in near-shade, making them suitable for rooms with limited natural light. In contrast, the more colorful variegated cultivars with shades of pink, red, or silver, require medium to bright indirect light to maintain their vibrant patterns. Exposing any Aglaonema to direct, harsh sunlight should be avoided, as it can scorch the leaves.

Water

The Chinese Evergreen prefers soil to be on the drier side. A reliable method is to water thoroughly only when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry to the touch. The plant does not tolerate soggy soil, which can lead to root rot. During the winter months, when the plant’s growth naturally slows, the frequency of watering can be reduced.

Soil

A well-draining potting medium is needed for the health of a Chinese Evergreen. A standard houseplant potting soil is effective, especially when amended to improve its drainage capabilities. Mixing in materials like perlite, sand, or orchid bark can help prevent the soil from retaining too much water.

Temperature and Humidity

These plants flourish in indoor temperatures, preferring a range between 65°F and 80°F (18°C to 27°C). They are sensitive to the cold and do not tolerate temperatures below 60°F (15°C), so they should be kept away from cold drafts. Originating from tropical regions, Aglaonemas appreciate average to high humidity levels. To increase ambient moisture in dry homes, you can place the plant on a pebble tray, group it with other plants, or use a small humidifier.

Fertilizer

Feed an Aglaonema with a balanced, all-purpose houseplant fertilizer during the spring and summer. A liquid fertilizer diluted to half-strength can be applied monthly while the plant is actively growing. It is best to reduce feeding in the fall and stop entirely during the winter, as the plant’s growth slows. Over-fertilizing should be avoided, as it can lead to a buildup of salts in the soil.

Repotting

Repotting is needed every two to three years or when the plant becomes root-bound. Aglaonemas do not mind being slightly snug in their pots. When it is time to repot, choose a new container that is only about one inch larger in diameter than the current one. This process is best done in the spring to allow the plant to establish itself in the fresh soil.

Popular Aglaonema Varieties

The Aglaonema genus is diverse, offering a wide spectrum of colors and patterns that make each variety distinct. The constant development of new cultivars means there is a continuous stream of new options for plant enthusiasts to discover.

One of the most recognizable varieties is ‘Silver Bay’. It features large, silvery-green leaves that are elegantly outlined with a margin of dark green. This cultivar is a common sight in homes and offices due to its hardiness and striking appearance.

For those seeking a splash of color, ‘Red Siam’ or ‘Siam Aurora’ offers a bold look. This variety is characterized by its lance-shaped leaves, which are veined and edged in a rich, vibrant red or pink. The contrast between the red and green on its foliage makes it a standout plant.

Another cultivar is ‘Maria’, also known as ‘Emerald Beauty’. This plant has deep green leaves marked with feathery, silver-gray patterns. ‘Maria’ is noted for being easy to grow and can handle lower light conditions better than many of its more colorful counterparts.

How to Propagate Aglaonema

Creating new Aglaonema plants is a straightforward process. Propagation is an excellent way to expand a collection or rejuvenate an older plant. The two primary techniques are stem cuttings and division, both best performed during the spring and summer growing season.

Propagating from stem cuttings is a common approach. Start by selecting a healthy stem and, using a sterilized cutting tool, snip a four- to six-inch section just below a node. Remove the lower leaves from the cutting to expose the nodes, which is where new roots will form. The cutting can then be placed in a glass of water or planted directly into potting soil.

If rooting in water, change the water every few days to keep it fresh, and once roots are a few inches long, the cutting can be transferred to soil. For soil propagation, you can dip the cut end in rooting hormone before planting it about one to two inches deep. Keep the soil consistently moist and place the cutting in a warm spot with bright, indirect light until new growth appears.

Division is an ideal method for mature, clumping plants and is often done during repotting. Carefully remove the plant from its pot and gently loosen the soil to expose the root system. Identify natural separations or offshoots at the base of the plant that have their own set of roots and leaves. Use your hands or a clean knife to carefully separate these sections from the parent plant and pot them into their own containers with fresh soil.

Solving Common Aglaonema Problems

Even with their easy-going nature, Aglaonemas can sometimes encounter issues.

• Yellowing leaves are a frequent concern and are most often a sign of overwatering. If you notice yellow leaves, check the soil moisture and adjust your watering schedule, allowing the soil to dry out more between waterings.
• Brown, crispy leaf tips can indicate low humidity, inconsistent watering, or a buildup of salts from tap water. To remedy this, try increasing the humidity around the plant by misting, using a pebble tray, or a humidifier.
• If your Aglaonema becomes leggy with long, sparse stems, it is likely not receiving enough light. Moving the plant to a location with brighter, indirect light can encourage more compact and even growth.
• Pests such as mealybugs and spider mites can occasionally affect Aglaonemas. Mealybugs appear as white, cottony masses in leaf joints, while spider mites cause yellow stippling on the leaves. Isolate the plant and treat it by wiping the insects off with rubbing alcohol or using an insecticidal soap.

Aglaonema Toxicity

All parts of the Aglaonema plant are toxic to humans, cats, and dogs if ingested. The toxicity is due to the presence of insoluble calcium oxalate crystals. These needle-shaped crystals can cause irritation to the sensitive tissues of the mouth, throat, and digestive tract.

When a person or pet chews or ingests any part of the plant, these crystals become embedded in the mucous membranes, causing immediate discomfort. Symptoms may include a burning sensation, swelling of the lips and tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, and in rare instances, difficulty breathing. While not life-threatening, the experience is painful.

To ensure safety, place Aglaonema plants in locations that are out of reach of curious pets and small children. High shelves or hanging planters are good options. If handling the plant for pruning or repotting, wearing gloves can prevent potential skin irritation from the plant’s sap.