How to Grow and Care for Echinopsis Lageniformis

Echinopsis lageniformis is a columnar cactus native to the high deserts of Bolivia. Also known as the Bolivian Torch cactus and its former scientific name, Trichocereus bridgesii, this species is popular as an ornamental plant. It grows at altitudes between 2,000 and 3,000 meters above sea level and has a shrub-like growth habit with multiple branches extending from the base.

Identifying Echinopsis Lageniformis

Echinopsis lageniformis is a fast-growing cactus that can reach heights of 2 to 5 meters. Its stems are a light greenish to bluish color and can be up to 15-20 centimeters in diameter. The cactus has four to eight ribs, and its areoles are spaced 2.5 to 3 centimeters apart. Its spines are honey-colored to brown and can grow up to 7 centimeters long.

Distinguishing Echinopsis lageniformis from similar species like the San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi) and the Peruvian Torch cactus (Echinopsis peruviana) can be difficult due to hybrids and similar appearances. E. pachanoi has shorter spines, around 2 cm long, and often displays notches above the areoles. E. peruviana has more numerous spines, approximately 10 per areole, and can have up to 10 ribs. In contrast, E. lageniformis is noted for its longer, honey-colored spines.

Cultivation and Care

Light

The Bolivian Torch cactus thrives in bright, indirect sunlight or partial sun. It is susceptible to sunburn from prolonged, intense direct sunlight. An ideal location provides morning sun and afternoon shade, especially in hotter climates.

Soil

Echinopsis lageniformis requires a well-draining, gritty soil mix. A commercial cactus mix can be used, but amending it with additional perlite, pumice, or coarse sand is beneficial to improve drainage.

Watering

Use the “soak and dry” method for watering this cactus. During the spring and summer growing season, thoroughly water the soil and allow it to dry completely before watering again. In the winter, reduce watering significantly to prevent root rot while the cactus is dormant.

Temperature and Hardiness

Echinopsis lageniformis tolerates high temperatures but is not frost-tolerant. It can be grown outdoors year-round in USDA hardiness zones 9 through 11. In colder climates, grow it in a container that can be moved indoors during the winter.

Fertilizer

During the spring and summer growing season, apply a low-nitrogen cactus fertilizer diluted to half-strength every 4-6 weeks. Avoid fertilizing during the winter dormancy period.

Propagation Methods

The most common propagation method for Echinopsis lageniformis is through cuttings. Use a clean, sharp knife to remove a stem section and let it sit in a dry, shaded place for a week or more to allow the cut end to callus over, which prevents rot. Plant the callused cutting in a dry, well-draining cactus mix and do not water for the first couple of weeks to encourage root development. Once roots have established, care for it as a mature plant. Propagation from seed is also possible but is a much slower process.

Psychoactive Properties and Traditional Use

Echinopsis lageniformis contains psychoactive alkaloids, most notably mescaline, though concentrations can vary between plants and cultivars. This cactus has a history of use in shamanic ceremonies by indigenous populations in Bolivia. It is sometimes called “achuma” or “wachuma,” names that can also apply to other related psychoactive cacti.

Rooted in the spiritual beliefs of the Andean people, the cactus was used for healing, divination, and to facilitate communication with the spiritual world. This use continues to be part of cultural and religious ceremonies in some areas.

Legality of Possession and Cultivation

In many countries, including the United States, cultivating Echinopsis lageniformis for ornamental purposes is legal, and it is widely sold by nurseries. However, the legal status changes if the intent is to extract or consume its psychoactive compounds, which can make possession and cultivation illegal. Laws vary significantly by country and region, so individuals should research their local regulations. This information is for educational purposes and does not constitute legal advice.

Common Cultivars and Problems

A well-known cultivar is the ‘Monstrose’ form (TBM or Trichocereus bridgesii monstrose), characterized by a clumping, irregular growth habit with short, lumpy stem segments. Both long-jointed and short-jointed forms of this variety exist. Common problems for Echinopsis lageniformis include pests like mealybugs and scale insects, which can be treated with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Root rot, caused by overwatering or poor drainage, and etiolation from insufficient light are other common issues.