How to Grow and Care for Dragon Grass

The name “dragon grass” can be a source of confusion, as it is sometimes applied to Corkscrew Rush (Juncus inflexus). This article focuses on the more widely recognized Black Mondo Grass (Ophiopogon planiscapus ‘Nigrescens’). This perennial is known for its strap-shaped, purple-black leaves. Despite its grass-like appearance, it is not a true grass but a member of the Asparagaceae family. It forms dense, evergreen clumps, offering visual interest throughout the year.

Dragon Grass Care Guide

For the darkest foliage color, Ophiopogon planiscapus ‘Nigrescens’ benefits from a location in full sun, though it readily grows in partial shade. In regions with particularly hot summers, providing afternoon shade is beneficial to prevent the leaves from fading or scorching. The plant is adaptable but performs best when sheltered from harsh conditions. It is hardy in USDA zones 6 through 9.

This plant thrives in well-draining soil that is rich in organic material. A slightly acidic to neutral soil pH, between 5.5 and 6.5, provides a good environment for nutrient absorption. If working with heavy clay, amend the site with compost to improve its structure and drainage. When planting, space individual plugs about 6 to 12 inches apart to allow them to form a dense mat.

A consistent watering schedule is important as the plant is getting established. Keep the soil evenly moist but never waterlogged. Once mature, it develops some tolerance to drought but will look its best with a weekly watering, particularly in the absence of rain. This plant is a light feeder, and a single application of a balanced, slow-release fertilizer or a top dressing of compost in the spring is sufficient.

This is a slow-growing perennial, spreading by underground rhizomes to form clumps. It takes two to five years for the plant to reach its mature size, which is around 6 to 12 inches in height and spread. This slow progression makes it a low-maintenance groundcover that will not become invasive.

Landscaping with Dragon Grass

The color of Dragon Grass makes it a powerful design element in the garden. Its deep, almost-black foliage stands out when planted alongside companions with brightly colored leaves. Plants with chartreuse, silver, or lime-green foliage, such as Heuchera or Japanese Forest Grass, create a high-contrast pairing. The fine texture of the leaves also contrasts well with broad-leafed plants.

Its tidy, clumping habit makes it an excellent choice for edging along pathways and garden beds, creating a defined border that cleanly separates lawns or walkways from planting areas. For a modern or minimalist garden design, mass plantings of Black Mondo Grass can serve as a groundcover, especially in smaller areas where its slow spread is an advantage. It provides a dark, uniform canvas that makes other landscape features stand out.

This perennial is also highly suitable for container gardening. In pots and arrangements, it can function as a “spiller,” with its arching leaves cascading over the container’s edge. This adds a unique color element to patios and balconies. In rock gardens, the dark foliage complements the natural tones of stones and boulders, adding texture and depth.

How to Propagate Dragon Grass

Propagating Dragon Grass is done through division in the early spring as new growth begins. This timing allows the new plants to establish themselves throughout the growing season. Dividing mature clumps not only creates new plants but also helps maintain the health of the original one.

To begin, lift a mature clump from the ground using a garden fork, prying gently around the root ball to loosen it. Once the entire plant is out, you can pull the root mass apart into smaller sections with your hands. A knife can be used if the roots are densely tangled.

Each new section should have a healthy portion of both roots and foliage to ensure its survival. Replant these new divisions immediately into a prepared spot at the same depth they were originally growing. Water them well after planting to help settle the soil and encourage new root development.

Common Dragon Grass Issues

If you notice the black foliage beginning to fade to a lighter green or bronze, the cause is often too much direct sun exposure, which is more common in hotter climates. To restore the deep color, transplant it to a location that receives more afternoon shade.

Gardeners may be concerned about the plant’s growth rate, but its slow spread is a natural characteristic. Patience is required, as it will not fill in an area as quickly as other groundcover options. This trait makes it low-maintenance and prevents it from becoming invasive.

The plant is resistant to most pests and diseases. However, slugs and snails can be a problem, munching on the leaves in damp conditions. The most significant disease concern is root rot, which is caused by overwatering or planting in soil with poor drainage. Ensuring the plant is in a well-draining location is the best preventative measure.