How to Grow and Care for Balfouriana Aralia

The Balfouriana Aralia, or Polyscias scutellaria ‘Balfourii’, is an evergreen shrub appreciated for its distinct foliage. Also called the Dinner Plate Aralia, its name references the plant’s large, rounded leaves with scalloped edges. These leaves can be solid green or feature creamy white or yellow variegation, growing on multiple stems for an upright, bushy look. Native to the Pacific Islands, this plant adds a textured and elegant look to indoor spaces.

Balfouriana Aralia Care

Light

Proper lighting is a significant factor in maintaining the health and appearance of a Balfouriana Aralia. This plant flourishes in bright, indirect sunlight, such as from an east- or north-facing window. Direct sun should be avoided, as the intense light can scorch the delicate leaves. Insufficient light will lead to leggy growth and can cause a reduction in the vibrancy of variegated varieties.

Water

This plant requires consistent moisture but is highly sensitive to overwatering. A reliable approach is to water thoroughly only when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry to the touch. This method ensures the roots receive adequate hydration without becoming waterlogged, which can lead to root rot. Using filtered or room-temperature water is beneficial, as these plants can be sensitive to minerals in tap water.

Soil

A well-draining, nutrient-rich soil is necessary for the Balfouriana Aralia to thrive. A peat-based potting mix is a good foundation, as it holds moisture while still being light. To improve aeration and drainage, amend the soil with materials like perlite or coarse sand. This type of mixture prevents water from pooling around the roots.

Temperature and Humidity

Originating from tropical regions, the Balfouriana Aralia prefers warm and humid conditions. It does best in a stable environment with temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C), and sudden temperature drops or exposure to drafts should be avoided. To increase humidity, you can place the plant on a pebble tray, use a humidifier, or group it with other plants to help replicate the moist air of its native habitat.

Fertilizer

During the active growing season of spring and summer, feeding supports the development of lush foliage. A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer, diluted to half-strength, should be applied about once a month. As the plant’s growth slows in the fall and winter, fertilization should be reduced or stopped completely. Over-fertilizing can lead to brown leaf tips.

Pruning for Shape and Health

Regular pruning helps maintain the Balfouriana Aralia’s compact and bushy form. Trimming is best performed during the spring and summer when the plant is in an active growth phase, which allows it to recover quickly. Using clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears helps prevent the introduction of disease.

To encourage a fuller appearance, trim back any leggy stems. Make cuts just above a leaf node, which is the small bump on the stem where a leaf emerges. This stimulates the plant to branch out, resulting in a denser shape. Any yellowing, dead, or damaged leaves should also be removed to direct its energy toward healthy growth.

Propagation Methods

Creating new plants from a Balfouriana Aralia is achieved through stem cuttings. This process is best undertaken in the spring or early summer. Select a healthy, mature stem and take a cutting that is approximately 4 to 6 inches long and has at least two or three nodes. After taking the cutting, remove the leaves from the lower portion of the stem.

The prepared cutting can be rooted in either water or a soil medium. For water propagation, place the stem in a jar of clean water, ensuring the water is changed every few days. If using soil, dip the cut end in a rooting hormone before inserting it into a pot with a moist, well-draining mix. Dipping the cut end in a rooting hormone can increase the likelihood of successful root development.

Troubleshooting Common Problems

Sudden leaf drop is often a stress response to an abrupt change in its environment, such as a new location or fluctuations in light or watering schedules. Yellowing leaves signal that the plant is being overwatered, which can lead to root rot. Maintaining a consistent routine is important for this plant’s stability.

Pests can also affect the Balfouriana Aralia, particularly in dry conditions. Spider mites and mealybugs are common culprits and are attracted to the plant when humidity is low. Spider mites can be identified by fine webbing on the undersides of leaves, while mealybugs appear as white, cottony masses on stems. Regularly inspecting the plant and promptly treating any infestations will help keep it healthy.

Toxicity for Pets and Humans

The Balfouriana Aralia is toxic to both pets and humans if its parts are ingested. The plant contains saponins, which are chemical compounds that can cause adverse reactions. For cats and dogs, ingesting the leaves or stems can lead to symptoms such as vomiting, loss of appetite, or depression. It is advisable to place the plant in a location that is out of reach of curious pets and small children.